Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences located at the ends of human chromosomes, acting as protective structures that safeguard genetic information. The length of telomeres is closely linked to human health. With each cell division, telomeres gradually shorten. When telomeres can no longer shorten, the cell dies. Telomeres function like “safety helmets” at the ends of chromosomes, maintaining genomic stability. Their length typically ranges from 4,000 to 15,000 base pairs, and they shorten by about 20–40 base pairs annually. Once the “helmet” disappears, cells lose the ability to replicate and initiate apoptosis. Various factors can lead to cellular aging, and aged cells enter a stagnant cycle—similar to “zombie cells”—which accumulate in the body over time and hinder regeneration. Intermittent hyperbaric oxygen therapy has been shown to lengthen telomeres in aging-related cells and reduce the number or percentage of senescent cells, effectively reversing aging and promoting a more youthful state.